A reasonable approach for the treatment of HIV infection in the early phase with ozonetherapy (autohaemotherapy), How ’inflammatory’ cytokines may have a therapeutic role 

V. Bocci
Institute of General Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Italy.​

IMMUNOREGULATORY cytokines produced by the TH1 subset and by CD8 T lymphocytes appear to brake naturally and sometimes arrest the progress of HIV infection in the early phase. It appears reasonable to assume that a mild and equilibrated stimulation of the immune system may prevent or delay the fatal transition towards the prevalent production ofTH2-type cytokines. The problem is how to stimulate the immune system in a physiological fashion. In the last 7 years we have clarified the main mechanisms of action of an unorthodox immunotherapeutic method first used 40 years ago. Optimized autohaemotherapy after a briefexposure ofblood to ozone maytoday afford the trick of reprogramming the immune system to keep HIV at bay. The autohaemotherapeutic procedure is simple, safe, inexpensive and most likely is more effective than conventional approaches.

Bocci, V 1994, ‘A reasonable approach for the treatment of HIV infection in the early phase with ozonetherapy ( autohaemotherapy ), How ’ inflammatory ’ cytokines may have a therapeutic role *’, vol. 3, pp. 315–321.

Preliminary Results of Ozone Therapy as a Possible Treatment for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

Saad Zaky, MSc, MD,1 Sherif Ebrahiem Kamel, MSc, MD,1 Magda Shahata Hassan, MSc, MD,1 Nadia Abdel Sallam, MSc, MD,1 Mohamad Ahmad Shahata, MSc,2 Shaaban Redwan Helal, MSc, MD,1 and Heba Mahmoud, MSc2

Abstract:
Background: Medical ozone is more bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal than any other natural substance. Some studies proved that ozone infused into donated blood samples can kill viruses 100% of the time. Ozone, because of its special biologic properties, has theoretical and practical attributes to make it a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) inactivator, which suggests an important role in the therapy for hepatitis C.

Aim: The study aim is to evaluate the role of ozone therapy in decreasing HCV ribonucleic acid (HCV RNA) load and its effect on the liver enzymes among patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Methods: This study included 52 patients with chronic hepatitis C (positive polymerase chain reaction [PCR] for HCV RNA and raised serum alanine transaminase [ALT] for more than 6 months). All patients were subjected to meticulous history taking and clinical examination. Complete blood count, liver function tests, and abdominal ultrasonography were requested for all patients. The ozone group included 40 patients who received major autohemotherapy, minor autohemotherapy, and rectal ozone insufflation. The other 12 patients (conventional group) received silymarin and/or multivitamins.

Results: There were significant improvements of most of the presenting symptoms of the patients in the ozone group in comparison to the conventional group. ALT and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels normalized in 57.5% and 60% in the ozone group, respectively, in comparison to 16.7% and 8% in the conventional group, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HCV RNA was negative among 25% and 44.4% after 30 and 60 sessions of ozone therapy, respectively, in comparison to 8% among the conventional group.

Conclusions: Ozone therapy significantly improves the clinical symptoms associated with chronic hepatitis C and is associated with normalized ALT and AST levels among a significant number of patients. Ozone therapy is associated with disappearance of HCV RNA from the serum (-ve PCR for HCV RNA) in 25%–45% of patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Ozone inactivates H IV at noncytotoxic concentrations

Michael T.F. Carpendale and Joel K. Frceberg

SummaryThe inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cytotoxic properties of ozone-treated scrum and serum-supplemented media were examined. The titer of HIV suspensions in human serum was reduced in a dose-dependent manner when treated with total reacted ozone concentrations at a range of 0.5 to 3.5 pg/ml- ~. Complete inactivation of HIV suspensions was achieved by 4.0 #g/ml ” of ozone in the presence or absence of H-9 cells. In contrast, cellular metabolism, as measured by MTT dye cleavage, and DNA replication, as measured by BUdR incorporation, were enhanced in H-9 cells grown in media treated with quantities of ozone that completely inactivate HIV. The permissively HIV-infected cell line HXB/H-9 was cultured in ozone- treated media for six days with culture supernatants being sampled and assayed on alternate days for HIV p24 core protein. HIV p24 was reduced in all treated cultures compared to control cultures, with an average reduction of 46% [p24].

Carpendale, MTF & Frceberg, JK 1991, ‘Ozone inactivates H IV at noncytotoxic concentrations’, vol. 16, pp. 281–292. 

Ozone exposure in the culture medium inhibits enterovirus 71 virus replication and modulates cytokine production in rhabdomyosarcoma cells

Ya-Ching Lin, Hao-Chan Juan, Yi-Chen Cheng

Abstract: In the present study, the effects of ozone exposure on enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication and related cytokine production were investigated. Rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD) were exposed to 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2ppm ozone or filtered air under different exposure regimens before or after infection for 1 or 2 h. The results revealed that at a proper concentration of ozone, e.g., 1.5 or 2 ppm, ozone exposure restricted virus production, prolonged survival time of cells and modulated cytokine production related to EV71 infection. Upon exposure of non-infected cells to ozone at 1.5 or 2ppm for 1 h, the production of IL-1?, IL-6 and TNF-? was primed and boosted by the subsequent EV71 infection, generating an inhibitory effect on EV71 replication during the post-infection period of 48 h. While infected cells were exposed to ozone for 2 h at 1.5 or 2 ppm, ozone did not affect cytokine production by RD cells in response to EV71 infection. The data showed that ozone effect on induction of cytokine was only found in uninfected cells. The ozone-induced cytokines produced prior to the onset of EV71 infection generated antiviral effects, which proved beneficial in suppressing the subsequent EV71 infection. 

Ozonation of human HIV-infected plasmas for producing a global vaccine

Velio Bocci, Iacopo Zanardi and Valter Travagli

A vaccine against HIV able to generate properly neutralizing antibodies and an efficacious cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response is of paramount importance. We are proposing a novel approach based on the collection of thousand small HIV-infected human plasma samples for preparing a global vaccine, able to counteract HIV diversity and mutagenicity. The pooled plasmas will undergo several steps for sterilizing and inactivating HIV, possibly other contaminant viruses and other pathogens. The critical step is the prolonged and controlled exposure of plasmas to ozone so that finally each ml of plasma has interacted with a precise dose of ozone. To inactivated plasma, both therapeutic human albumin and ozonated ethyl oleate are added for enhancing a proficient absorption and reaction with the immune system of the vaccine. The need of a partner collaboration for developing the production and the preliminary testing of the vaccine is essential.

Evidence for Antibody-Catalyzed Ozone Formation in Bacterial Killing and Inflammation

Paul WentworthJr.,1 Jonathan E. McDunn,1Anita D. Wentworth,1 Cindy Takeuchi,2 Jorge Nieva,3 Teresa Jones,1 Cristina Bautista,1 Julie M. Ruedi,3 Abel Gutierrez,3 Kim D. Janda,1 Bernard M. Babior,3 Albert Eschenmoser1,4 Richard A. Lerner1

Recently, we showed that antibodies catalyze the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from singlet molecular oxygen (1O2 *) and water.Here, weshow that this process can lead to efficient killing of bacteria, regardless of the antigen specificity of the antibody.H2O2production by antibodies alone wasfound to be not sufficient for bacterial killing.Our studies suggested that the antibody-catalyzed water-oxidation pathway produced an additional molecular species with a chemical signature similar to that of ozone.This species is also generated during the oxidative burst of activated human neutrophils and during inflammation.These observations suggest that alternative pathways may exist for biological killing of bacteria that are mediated by potent oxidants previously unknown to biology.

Unorthodox Alternative Therapies Marketed to Treat Lyme Disease

Paul M. Lantos,1 Eugene D. Shapiro,2 Paul G. Auwaerter,3 Phillip J. Baker,4 John J. Halperin,5,6 Edward McSweegan,7 andGary P. Wormser8

Background. Some patients with medically unexplained symptoms or alternative medical diagnoses suspect thatthey chronically suffer from the tick-borne infection Lyme disease. These patients are commonly targeted by pro- viders of alternative therapies. This study was designed to identify and characterize the range of unorthodox alter- native therapies advertised to patients with a diagnosis of Lyme disease.

Methods. Internet searches using the Google search enginewere performed to identify thewebsites of clinics andservices that marketed nonantimicrobial therapies for Lyme disease. We subsequently used the PubMed search engine to identify any scientific studies evaluating such treatments for Lyme disease. Websites were included in our review so long as they advertised a commercial, nonantimicrobial product or service that specifically mentioned utility for Lyme disease. Websites with patient testimonials (such as discussion groups) were excluded unless the testimonial appeared as marketing on a commercial site.

Results. More than 30 alternative treatments were identified, which fell into several broad categories: these included oxygen and reactive oxygen therapy; energy and radiation-based therapies; nutritional therapy; chelation and heavy metal therapy; and biological and pharmacological therapies ranging from certain medications without recognized therapeutic effects on Borrelia burgdorgeri to stem cell transplantation. Review of the medical literature did not substantiate efficacy or, in most cases, any rationale for the advertised treatments.

Conclusions. Providers of alternative therapies commonly target patients who believe they have Lyme disease.The efficacy of these unconventional treatments for Lyme disease is not supported by scientific evidence, and in many cases they are potentially harmful.

Inactivation of Viruses and Bacteria by Ozone, With and Without Sonication

Gary R. Burleson, T. M. Murray and Morris PollardLobund Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556

Received for publication 26 July 1974

Selected organisms with public health significance were placed in a reaction chamber for treatment by ozonation, by ozonation and sonication, by sonication, or by sonication during oxygenation. Vesicular stomatitis virus, enceph- alomyocarditis virus, GDVII virus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluores- cens, Salmonella typhimurium, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Vibrio chole- rae, and Shigella flexneri were inactivated by treatment with ozone. When microorganisms were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline, they were inacti- vated rapidly by treatment with ozone. However, microorganisms suspended in secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant required longer contact times with ozone for complete inactivation. Simultaneous treatments by ozonation and sonication reduced the contact time for complete inactivation of microorganisms in secondary effluent. Treatment by sonication alone or sonica- tion and oxygenation did not inactivate microorganisms. Therefore, the simulta- neous treatment of microorganisms in secondary effluent with ozone and sonication resulted in a synergistic effect.

​Does Ozone Therapy Normalize the Cellular Redox Balance?

Implications for the Therapy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Several Other Diseases

V. BOCCI

Institute of General Physiology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (Correspondence to VB, Institute of General Physiology, University of Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy Tel: 0039 577 4221 I; Fax: 0039 577 282098)

Abstract — The role of ozone on earth is controversial, as in the stratosphere it is protective against excessive ultra violet irradiation, and in the troposphere it is toxic for animals and plants. The effectiveness of ozone against pathogens is well recognized and ozone appears to be the best agent for sterilization of water. In spite of this, the use of ozone in medicine has been overlooked or despised, mostly because it has been either misused or used without appropriate controls. Studies carried out in our laboratory have revealed that ozone can display relevant biological effects and that, having defined its therapeutic index, can become an important and reliable drug for the treatment of several diseases. An exciting new aspect is that ozone, being a strong oxidizer, can stimulate the increase of cellular anti-oxidant enzymes, eventually inhibiting the oxidative stress.